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<title>Women's immune systems hold the secret to longer life  - Telegraph</title>



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	<h1>Women's immune systems hold the secret to longer life </h1>
		<h2>
Women may live longer, healthier lives than men because their immune systems 
  age more slowly, researchers have found. 

</h2>
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											<span class="caption">The number of T-cell and B-cell lymphocytes decline faster in men</span>&nbsp;<span class="credit">Photo: Alamy</span></div>						
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						<a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/" ><img src="http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01770/Gray_60_1770661j.jpg" alt="Richard Gray" border="0" width="60" height="60" ></a>
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							By <a rel="author" title="Richard Gray" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/richard-gray/" >
											Richard Gray</a>, <span >Science Correspondent</span></p>
					
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		<p class="publishedDate">7:01AM BST 15 May 2013</p>
		
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					<div class="firstPar"><p>
A new study has shown that levels of key white blood cells, which are 
  responsible for fighting off infections, become lower in men as they get 
  older compared to women. 
</p></div><div class="secondPar">
<p>
The average life expectancy for men in the UK is 79 years old, while for women 
  it is 82 years old. In some parts of the world, such as Japan, the gap is 
  even larger, with women living on average nearly six years longer. 
</p></div><div class="thirdPar">
<p>
There have been a number of theories for why this may be, including a recent 
  finding that the tiny &ldquo;power cells&rdquo; that produce energy for their cells <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/9448608/Why-women-live-longer-than-men.html">tend 
  to have fewer faults than in men</a>. 
</p></div><div class="fourthPar">
<p>
Scientists in Japan have now uncovered another reason after finding that the 
  levels of white blood cells and other parts of the immune system called 
  cytokines decline faster in men. 
</p></div><div class="fifthPar">
<p>
They believe this might be because female sex hormones such as oestrogen can 
  boost the immune system&rsquo;s response to infections. 
</p></div><div id="tmg-related-links" class="related_links_inline">
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<p>
The work could now help scientists predict the "biological age" of 
  people based on the state of their immune system. 
</p>
<p>
Professor Katsuiku Hirokawa, who led the research at Tokyo Medical &amp; 
  Dental University, said: "Because people age at different rates, a 
  person's immunological parameters could be used to provide an indication of 
  their true biological age." 
</p>
<p>
The scientists, whose research is published in the journal <i><a href="http://www.immunityageing.com/">Immunity 
  and Ageing</a></i>, examined the blood of 356 men and women aged between 20 
  and 90 years old. 
</p>
<p>
They looked at levels of white blood cells and cytokines, which help to carry 
  messages in the immune system. 
</p>
<p>
In both sexes the number of white blood cells decreased with age, but two key 
  elements &ndash; known as the T-cell and B-cell lymphocytes, declined faster in 
  men. 
</p>
<p>
Both of these white blood cells are involved in fighting off bacterial 
  infections. 
</p>
<p>
They also found that another type of cell that tackles viruses and tumours 
  increased with age, with women having a higher rate of increase than men. 
</p>
<p>
They also found that men showed a decline in two types of cytokines that help 
  to keep the immune system under control and prevent inflammation from 
  damaging surrounding tissue. 
</p>
<p>
Professor Hirokawa added: &ldquo;It is well known that ageing is associated with a 
  decline in the normal function of the immune system, leading to increased 
  susceptibility to various diseases and shortened longevity. 
</p>
<p>
&ldquo;However, specific dysfunctions in the immune system directly responsible for 
  this have yet to be identified. 
</p>
<p>
&ldquo;Among the important factors, T cells are central to the immune response, and 
  their function is significantly altered with increasing age." 
</p>
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